General concept of industrial Garments Washing for Merchandiser

Wet Process: 

01. Normal Wash/Rinse wash:
Normal garments wash is applied to remove dust, dirt, impurities, size materials (woven), residual starch and unfixed dye form the fabrics of the garments by using around 1% detergent. It is also implied to develop wash look of the garments and to improve the soft hands feel of the garments. Approximate wash price: $ 0.85/DZ

Garments wash with softener
In addition with normal garments wash/rinse wash around 0.1-.05% softener is used here to get ultimate soft hands feel.
Approximate wash price: $ 0.95/DZ

02. Enzyme wash:
Cellulase Enzyme is used for this type of wash to hydrolyze the protruding fibres on the garments fabric surface and to fades color. Pumic stone/cork sheet is used for brushing action which results irregular color fading effect. After enzyme wash if more color fading effect required then it is again bleached by hypochlorite bleaching agent.
It occurs seam abrasion in sewing area; especially develop ‘Bio-Polishing’ effect on the fabric of garments. It also removes hairiness, residual starch, waxes, unfixed dye thus improve the color fastness s and pilling grade.
Approximate wash price: $ 2.0/DZ

03. Pigment wash:
Pigment washing is applied on garments which is made from pigment dyed fabric or pigment printed fabric. By pigment washing fading effect is produced in the garment’s. During pigment wash around 1% detergent is used, fading effect is produced due to the frictional effect on the garments which removes a portion of pigment from the garment fabric surface. Softener is used around 0.1-0.5% if softness feeling is desired.

04. Bleach Wash:
Bleach washing is normally applied on garments which are made from reactive dyed fabric. Caustic soda/soda ash and hydrogen peroxide is used for this washing technique. During this processing period hydrogen peroxide produces per hydroxyl ions which takes part in bleaching action thus fading effect is produced on garments.

05. Acid Wash:
Fading effect is produced on garments in irregular pattern by the use of porous volcanic stones/pumic stone. Pumic stone is soaked with the solution of potassium permanganate and dried in air. Garments are pretreated with desizing agent to remove starch material present in the garments. Then pretreated garments is loaded on the machine with the presoaked stone. Due to biting and brushing action of the stone garments become faded in spot pattern.

06. Stone wash:Volcanic stones are used in such wash abrade exposed parts of the garments, this idea of washing with porous volcanic stones is to give the garment a strong and rough wash to achieve the pronounced washed effect through abrasion on the exposed areas, such as the seams and pocket corners. To get faded look on the garment surface white pumic stone are used with enzymes during washing. During washing fabric come in contact with stones and by rubbing color fades. Stone wash generally used for denim product washing.

07. Vintage Wash
Vintage means old look. To get the old or used appearance garments are washed inside washing machine with pumic stone with heavy enzymes to get a naturally aged looked.

08. Rubber Ball Wash
A rubber wash a product that is promoted as a substitute for laundry detergent. These ball are effective in washing in water without any detergent. Most of the effect can be attributed to the mechanical effect of the ball or to using hot water instead of cold water.

09. Cloud wash:

Cloud wash gives appearance of white patches on the garment surface that looks like cloud in the sky.

10. Tie Dye:

 The process of tie-dye typically consists of folding, twisting, pleating, or crumpling fabric or a garment and binding with string or rubber bands, followed by application of dye. Then apply dye to fabric by squirting dye onto the fabric with a pipette, squeeze bottle, or other dye application tool. After absorbing the
se dye solution onto the fabric , the fabric or garments is untied and washed it out to remove unfix dye.

11. Dip Dye:
Dip dye is a garments dyeing process where garments is hanged on the hanger upon the dye bath. Then the hanger holder is drawn it down as desired level to wet the garments onto the dye solution. Semi bleached fabric garments is treated with Dip Dye.







12. Cool dye/wave dye:
It is a pigment garments dyeing process with room temperature.



13. Tinting/Over Dye:
After wet process or dry process washing, the faded effect of garments are being dyed with very light shade (.001% or .002%). This dyeing process is applied on garments is called tinting or over dyeing.
Some other special wash process is:

· Super Soft Wash
· Paper Touch wash
· Silicon Spray
. Towel Bleach

Dry Process:

01.  Sand Blasting:
Sand Blasting is the process of scrubbing off the garment by blowing high-speed air mixed with very fine particles of sand. This process is based on blasting an abrasive material mostly sand in granular, powered or other form through a nozzle. When the surface area of the garment is blasted, white cotton appears beneath the blasted area and the effect appearing is very similar to the worn out jeans. This is purely a mechanical and water free process, variety of distressed or abraded look is possible.

02. Whiskering:
Whiskers is taken from the worn out lines and impression patterns generated by natural wearing on hips and front thigh area.

Mostly rubber balloons are available with different pattern designs. Garments are mounted on balloons and filled with air to get impressions of whiskers. Garment is scrubbed over pattern carefully with sand paper on engraved pattern lines thus whiksering effect is found.
Engraved patterns on thick board like hard rubber sheets are widely used for whiskers impression making.
This idea is very simple to draw lines on rubber sheets and engrave them with blade. Garment is places on sheet and scrapped on specific area to draw this impression on garmen
t.

03. Potassium permanganate spray (P.P Spray):
Potassium permanganate spray is done on fabric to get a faded effect on sprayed area. This spray is done in specific spray booths. The booths are fitted with proper air exhaust system. This system leads the spray to treatment room where the chemical mixed air is usually passed through the water showers. Potassium permanganate is dissolved in water and the clean air is blown to open. Rubber dummies are installed for holding garments. Garments are mounted on the dummies and air is filled so the garment is full fit exposed.
The garment is hanged in open to dry after potassium permanganate spray and when the potassium permanganate turns its colors completely then it is considered to ready for next process. It is always followed by neutralization process. Sodium Meta bisulphate is most commonly used neutralizer.

04. Color Spray:
Same process as PP spray, different type of color is sprayed here.

05. Wrinkle/Crinkle Finish:
Wrinkle or Crinkle effect means a desired creased of folded effect on garments, the desired creased of folded attributed is prepared and clamped by clip, after that it is spared by resin and make it fixed.


06. Destroyed Denim:
‘Destruction’ is an art which make denim look unique & used. To make destruction pen type of stone tools being used to apply on desired area. It can also be achieved by cutting it through knife the warp yarns & keep the weft yarn as is to show white thread. Holes also can be made by cutting weft & warp yarns.

Different types of machine used for destroy the garments. Such as-
•Grinding Machine.
•Emery Cloth.
•Hacksaw Blade

•Needle.
•Knife etc.